Search

Search methods.

July 30, 2026

Condominium Construction Defect Litigation Leads to Search and Custodian Rulings

A condominium, Trailsedge Owners Association, Inc., sued the developer, Blue Moon, and others alleging design and construction defects. It requested $10 million in damages. The issue before the court arose out of the developer’s motion to compel. Blue Moon made an interesting challenge to privilege based on a disclosure to the condominium’s […]
July 26, 2026

Example of Stipulated Search Methodology

The following is a stipulated search methodology in an ESI Protocol from James v. Cerebras Systems Inc., 2026 WL 1962840 (N.D. Cal. Lul. 7, 2026): The Parties agree that each Responding Party is best situated to determine the most appropriate method or methods for that Responding Party to search, collect, cull, and […]
July 24, 2026

Two Debatable Holdings

In Sussman Sales Co., Inc. v. VWR International, LLC, 2026 WL 2056582 (S.D.N.Y. Jul. 15, 2026), the court made two holdings that I question. Clearly the court is privy to information I do not have and may have explained its reasoning in greater depth elsewhere. For example, the opinion opens by stating: […]
June 23, 2026

Does Microsoft Teams Require Different Search Terms Than Email?

A dispute over search terms led to a decision on keywords for searching Microsoft Teams.  Kim v. Cushman & Wakefield U.S., Inc., 2026 WL 1353455 (C.D. Cal. Apr. 24, 2026).  The court held that search terms that may be appropriate for email may not be sufficient for shorter, less formal communications on […]
June 20, 2026

3.1 Million Documents Totaling 2,547.6 GB With Costs Exceeding $3.7M is Too Much

Alison L. MacDonald sued her employers alleging discrimination on various grounds.  The parties negotiated a partial resolution of disputes, but: “Defendants conditioned their supplemental response as to several of the requests on the parties agreeing to custodians of Electronically Stored Information (‘ESI’) and a set of search terms that Defendants would run […]
June 1, 2026

If “Junk” is Responsive to Your Request, You Can’t Complain About Getting “Junk”

The court in Alex v. City of Ann Arbor, 2026 WL 1383768 (E.D. Mich. Mary 18, 2026), rejected plaintiffs’ assertion that they had asked for documents in native form and also rejected their assertion that production of responsive “junk” was improper. The City of Ann Arbor had denied employees’ requested religious exemptions […]
May 4, 2026

No Right to a  “Hit Report” for Facially Overbroad Search Terms?

“Hit Reports,” also called “search term reports” or “keyword reports,” are commonly accepted. However, United Farm Workers v. Noem, 2026 WL 1045469 (E.D. Cal. Apr. 17, 2026), stated an exception for facially overbroad search terms. The starting point was the court’s observation that: “Although it is abundantly clear from the parties’ filings […]
April 27, 2026

Another Confidentiality Order Limiting Use of AI to Analyze Protected Materials

As the title indicates, In re: ByHeart, Inc., Infant Formula Marketing, Sales Practices, and Products Liability Litigation, 2026 WL 1103170 (S.D.N.Y. Apr. 23, 2026), is complex litigation. One significant issue was an order limiting the use of artificial intelligence to analyze protected materials produced by an opponent in discovery.  I have suggested […]
April 23, 2026

Request for Broad “Apex” Executive Discovery Replaced by Phased Discovery Order

Plaintiffs in a Fair Labor Standards Act collective action sought broad discovery from seven apex executives of defendant Perdue Foods. Tripp v. Perdue Foods LLC, 2026 WL 1021135 (D. Md. Apr. 15, 2026)(Coulson, J.). The parties were diametrically opposed: “Plaintiff seeks an order compelling the production of certain ESI from Perdue, and […]
April 6, 2026

“Hit Reports” Ordered; Unsupervised Search Held Inadequate; and, “Sufficient to Show” Requests Validated

The EEOC sued Cemex Construction Materials Florida, LLC, on behalf of a trainee. It alleged that “Defendant unlawfully refused to accommodate Ms. Textor’s religious practice, by forbidding her to wear a skirt at work, and by subsequently terminating her.” The court’s order in EEOC v. Cemex Construction Materials Florida, LLC, 2026 WL […]
February 26, 2026

Privilege Waived Because Pre-Production Measures Were Not Shown to Be Reasonable

Wilson Aerospace sued Boeing Company alleging misappropriation of trade secrets. Plaintiff failed to follow the terms of the ESI Protocol, losing any protection it may have afforded. Additionally, Plaintiff produced folders marked “Lawsuit” and “Lawsuit Research,” and also failed “to exclude documents warning of attorney-client privilege on the first page, dozens of […]
January 30, 2026

ESI Protocol Disputes Were Resolved by Court

The Sedona Conference’s Cooperation Proclamation has long and properly suggested that cooperation and transparency are important methodologies. Sedona carefully explains the reasons. However, there are also other practical considerations that support cooperation, negotiation, and mediation of disputes.  Specifically, courts have stated that a litigant may be “right,” but “find itself on the […]
December 21, 2025

My Top Blogs from 2025

I posted 237 blogs this year to date. Many are on EDRM or JD Supra. Some that may be worth reading are: An “ESI Protocol” is Not a Rule 26(f) “Discovery Plan” What is the Purpose of an ESI Protocol? Court Addresses Seven Key Issues Artificial Intelligence in Maryland Courts “Just When […]
December 2, 2025

Concise Summary of Scope of Discovery and Principles Governing Objections

  The court in Carter v. Uzglobal LLC, 2025 WL 3443521 (D. N. Mex. Dec. 1, 2025), succinctly summarized a number of important discovery issues, writing: “A. Rule 26(b)’s Scope of Discovery. Discoverable material includes ‘any nonprivileged matter that is relevant to any party’s claim or defense and proportional to the needs […]
November 29, 2025

What is the Purpose of an ESI Protocol? Court Addresses Seven Key Issues

The purpose of an ESI Protocol “is to encourage reasonable electronic discovery with the goal of limiting the cost, burden and time spent, while ensuring that information subject to discovery is preserved and produced to allow for fair adjudication of the merits.” Leon v. American Honda Motor Co. Inc., 2025 WL 3255005, […]
November 14, 2025

No Milestone Was Established in the ESI Protocol = No Milestone Existed

In a dispute over search term counter-designations, the Special Master found that the ESI Protocol did not establish a milestone date, so none existed.  Glaxosmithkline Biologicals SA v. Pfizer, Inc., 2025 WL 3098080 (D. Del. Nov. 6, 2025). Plaintiff GSK alleged infringement of eight patents. The District of Delaware has a “Default […]
October 15, 2025

“Discovery on Discovery” Ordered After Amazon’s Flawed Implementation of Litigation Hold

In its “Order Granting Motion to Compel Disclosure Regarding Preservation Efforts,” a court recently wrote: “For all of the foregoing reasons, plaintiffs motion to compel disclosures regarding Amazon’s preservation[] efforts … is GRANTED. Amazon shall, within fourteen days of the date of this Order, produce the litigation hold notices sent regarding this […]
October 13, 2025

Limited “Discovery on Discovery” Permitted; Judicial Definitions of “Hit Report” and “Families” Held Unnecessary

In the third, and most recent, iteration of a “discovery on discovery” dispute, the court in Apothio v. Youngblood, 2025 WL 2896352 (E.D. Cal. Oct. 10, 2025), interpreted an ESI Protocol that it had approved over defendants’ untimely objections.  The court ordered mutual disclosure of search methodology and ruled that it was […]
September 10, 2025

Geofencing, Geotargeting, and Geo-blocking, in Civil Litigation, Information Governance, and Regulation

Much of the litigation over geofencing has been under the Fourth Amendment in criminal cases, and there has been a lot of it. See, e.g., Certiorari Petition to U.S. Supreme Court in 4th Circuit Geofence Decision – E-Discovery LLC (Aug. 5, 2025); Alvarez v. State, 2025 WL 2346165, at *4 (Tex. App. […]
July 23, 2025

Decision on How to Best Search for ESI – Court Orders ESI Protocol in “Epic of Dysfunctional Discovery,” With Unique Clawback Provision

In a case where the plaintiff seeks $24,000,000 in damages, the court stated: “Today we write the next chapter in this litigation, a case which threatens to become an epic of dysfunctional discovery…. The parties have long been embroiled in contentious discovery disputes.” Everlast Roofing, Inc. v. Wilson, 2025 WL 1959345 (M.D. […]
June 25, 2025

Agreement to Permit Forensic Imaging May Leave Some Unresolved Questions

In HET MCPS, LLC v. AutoFlex, Inc., 2025 WL 1615459 (D. Md. June 6, 2025), plaintiffs alleged that defendants interfered with plaintiffs’ contract and customer relationships. In this opinion, the Court addressed, among others, plaintiffs’ motion for forensic imaging. “Plaintiffs contend that Defendants have failed to comply with their discovery obligations and […]
June 18, 2025

Fed.R.Civ.P. 26(g) Was Violated by Permitting Client Searches With Minimal Oversight by Counsel

Fed.R.Civ.P. 26(g) is called the “stop and think” rule.  In Grullon v. Lewis, 2025 WL 1693425 (S.D.N.Y. Jun. 17, 2025), the court found a violation of that rule.  The court held that: To satisfy the requirements of Rule 26(g)(1) and comply with counsel’s ethical obligations as an officer of the Court, counsel […]
June 10, 2025

“Diligent Search,” But No Responsive Data, is Insufficient Response

In EEOC v. Mia Aesthetics Clinic ATL, LLC, No. 1:24-CV-3407-MLB-AWH (N.D. Ga. May 30, 2025), the EEOC prevailed on several discovery disputes. It prevailed because its attorneys did their homework and supported their litigation position with facts. The EEOC sued Mia Aesthetics on behalf of Kiera Webb, alleging disability discrimination.  The agency […]
April 21, 2025

Golden Oldie #6 – Four Historical Search Decisions

There are countless decisions, law review articles, books, and guides written on search, search design, search methodology, search tools, and search metrics.  See, e.g., EDRM Search Guide; The Sedona Conference Best Practices Commentary on the Use of Search and Information Retrieval Methods in E-Discovery The following are a few exemplar decisions that […]
April 16, 2025

Motion to Compel Plaintiff to Designate Additional Custodians Granted in Part

Burge v. Teva Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd., 2025 WL 1100047 (D. Kans. Apr. 15, 2025), is an exceedingly complex case.  Based on the terms of an ESI Protocol, the court granted, in part, and denied, in part, a motion to compel plaintiff to designate additional custodians in Phase I discovery.  It applied a […]
March 5, 2025

Requesting Parties Are Denied “Input” Into Producing Party’s Search Terms

In Tremblay v. OpenAI, Inc., 2025 WL 635335 (N.D. Cal. Feb. 27, 2025), plaintiffs, the requesting parties, sought to have input in determining search terms to be used by defendant, the producing party. Based on “the specter of too many future delays and disputes over methodology and search term formulation,” the request […]
January 27, 2025

Privilege Logs, Null Sets, Search Strings, and Number of Custodians in One Decision

The decision in Cook v. Meta Platforms, Inc., 2024 WL 251942 (N.D. Cal. Jan. 21, 2025),  packs a lot into very few pages.  In two instances, where Meta had offered a compromise solution, the court held Meta to that offer.                 I.          PRIVILEGE LOG DISPUTE First, the court resolved a privilege log […]
November 25, 2024

Court Denies Joint Motion for Entry of ESI Protocol

In Kinnee v. TEI Biosciences Inc., 2024 WL 4860792 (S.D. Cal. Nov. 21, 2024), the court denied the parties’ Joint Motion for Entry of an Order Governing Discovery of Electronically Stored Information. In my words, the Kinnee court denied a joint motion to approve an ESI Protocol because the defendants’ Fed.R.Civ.P. 26(a) […]
November 13, 2024

Does Every “Hit” on a “Hit Report” Have to be Produced?

In Singleton v. Mazhari, 2024 WL 1140691, at *3 (D. Md. Mar. 14, 2024)(Abelson, J.), the Court followed the well-reasoned rule that “the Court notes that hits on a given search term in a given document for a particular custodian, including during the time frames above, does not necessarily mean the document […]
October 5, 2024

Application of Phil Favro & Judge Peck’s Lessons on Search Design

Rayome v. ABT Electronics, Inc., 2024 WL 4296755 (N.D. Ill. Sept. 24, 2024), applied principles enunciated by the Hon. Andrew J. Peck under the supervision of the court-appointed Special Master, Philip Favro. The parties’ dispute centered on search queries.  Defendant asserted that plaintiff’s queries were over broad, excessive in number, and resulted […]
September 9, 2024

Keyword Hits + Overbroad Terms ≠ Duty to Produce

Thanks to Sidley Austin for publishing a blog on Ravin Crossbows, LLC v. Hunter’s Manufacturing Company, Inc., 2024 WL 3253265 (E.D. Ohio July 1, 2024), August’s Notable Cases and Events in E-Discovery | Insights | Sidley Austin LLP (Aug. 21, 2024) and August’s Notable Cases and Events in E-Discovery – EDRM. In […]
August 6, 2024

Court Resolves Disputes Over Number of Custodians and Validation Protocol

In Tremblay v. OpenAI, Inc., 2024 WL 3638421 (N.D. Cal. July 31, 2024), the court resolved two disputes over an ESI Protocol, writing: “As to the first category of disagreement, the Parties have found themselves at an impasse as to the proper number of document custodians to be set forth in the […]
June 28, 2024

Geofence Search Warrant Held Valid

County police officers were investigating a theft of farm equipment.  They applied for a “geofence warrant” to be served on Google: “A geofence warrant authorizes the seizure of location data collected from smartphones of individuals within a particular area over a specified range of time.” United States v. Rhine, 652 F. Supp. […]
May 7, 2024

8 Lessons Learned – Part II – “Hit” Report Provision of ESI Protocol

This is a follow up to 4 Things You Never Wanted to Hear + 8 Lessons & a Dispute Over Revealing Recipients of Litigation Hold Notices, All in One Case (May 4, 2024), discussing In Re: Social Media Adolescent Addiction/Personal Injury Products Liability Litigation, 2024 WL 1786293 (N.D. Cal. Feb. 20, 2024), […]
April 17, 2024

One Form of a Custodial Data Map

I am an advocate of data mapping. I also usually attempt to discuss key custodians with opposing counsel.  However, in cases with a large number of custodians, I often find that it is difficult to keep track of them, especially in planning for preservation and attending Fed.R.Civ.P. 26(f) conferences. One tool that […]
March 15, 2024

Law360: “Judge Applauds Attys’ ‘Very Awesome’ Use Of Google AI Bot”

The use of artificial intelligence in litigation has gotten a lot of criticism for hallucinations.  That is why the article by Dorothy Atkins, Judge Applauds Attys’ ‘Very Awesome’ Use Of Google AI Bot – Law360 (Mar.14, 2024), is so interesting.  Ms. Atkins wrote that: A California federal judge told counsel Thursday it’s […]
December 29, 2023

My Top Blogs From 2023

I posted 104 items this year.  Several that may be worth re-reading are: How to Read a Load File More on “Modern Attachments,” “Pointers,” or Hyperlinked Documents – Humpty Dumpty and “Usability” Possession, Custody, or Control – Part II Don’t Be Too Nice When You Send a Preservation Notice Relevance Redactions Revisited […]
November 15, 2023

How to Avoid Contentious “Hit Report” Problems – Part III

Josh Gilliland’s Bow Tie law blog has often addressed the question of: “What happens when one party argues a producing party should produce all search term hits?”  His answer is “no,” production is not required until after review and culling.  See How to Avoid Contentious “Hit Report” Problems, and Hit Reports, citing, […]
October 4, 2023

Bob Dylan Awarded Discovery Sanctions After Dismissal of Tort Claims

“The Court awards sanctions in the amount of $5,000 against [Attorney No. 1] and $3,000 against [Attorney No. 2], payable to” Bob Dylan.  J.C. v. Robert A. Zimmerman a/k/a Bob Dylan, 2023 WL 6308493, at *12 (S.D.N.Y. Sept. 28, 2023); P. Hayes, Bob Dylan Awarded Sanctions in Dismissed Sexual Assault Case (bloomberglaw.com)(Sept. […]
September 27, 2023

A Review of Sedona’s “Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Practice of Law” by The Hon. Xavier Rodriguez

“Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Practice of Law,” by the Hon. Xavier Rodriguez, is available at 24 Sedona Conf. J. 783 (forthcoming 2023).[1]  The article focuses on issues that “practicing attorneys are likely to encounter and steps state bars and related entities should consider.” Id. at 786.  Sedona’s website states: Judge Rodriguez […]
July 12, 2023

Revocation of Consent to Search Mirror Image of Laptop

In State v. [Defendant], __ Md. __,  2023 WL 4393297, at *1 (July 7, 2023), the Supreme Court of Maryland held that a person who had consented to seizure of his laptop, as well as to creation of a mirror image, could withdraw consent to search it before the government examined the […]
April 25, 2023

What Hath Noom Wrought?

The “modern attachments” decision of Nichols v. Noom, Inc., 2021 WL 948646 (S.D.N.Y. Mar. 11, 2021), generated a lot of buzz when it was issued. At its core, Noom held that hyperlinked files are generally not part of a transmitting email.  Said differently, when a party produces an email that contains a […]
March 16, 2023

eDiscovery Assistant’s 2022 eDiscovery Case Law Year in Review Report

It is well worth downloading eDiscovery Assistant’s excellent 2022 eDiscovery Case Law Year in Review | eDiscovery Assistant. The Report provides interesting metrics about eDiscovery, such as the following chart: Id.  The Report states that “failure to produce” was the most litigated issue, followed by proportionality and sanctions.  Interestingly, “failure to preserve” […]
February 10, 2023

Sedona’s TAR Case Law Primer, 2nd ed.

The Sedona Conference has issued its public comment version of the TAR Case Law Primer, Second Edition.  It is available on Sedona’s website.  See also Jason R. Baron, Ralph C. Losey, and Michael D. Berman, eds., “Perspectives on Predicting Coding and Other Advanced Search Methods for the Legal Practitioner” (ABA 2016).
January 4, 2023

How to Avoid Contentious “Hit Report” Problems

Josh Gilliland’s blog, Search Term Agreements Do Not Eliminate Relevancy Review – Bow Tie Law (Jan. 2, 2023), addresses: What happens when one party argues a producing party should produce all search term hits? The answer is no. Moreover, wishing to get all hits is a formula for madness. Josh writes that, […]
December 28, 2022

Bowtielaw.com Blog on Search Terms and Predictive Coding

Josh Gilliland’s excellent blog To Use Search Terms Before or After Predictive Coding – Bow Tie Law (Dec. 28, 2022), addresses “a simple question with a complex answer: Should search terms be used before or after predictive coding? That question was the subject of dueling motions in In re Allergan Biocell Textured Breast Implant Prods. […]
December 16, 2022

What Do Judge Peck’s 2009 Wm. Gross Opinion and “Zoomers” Have to Do With Each Other?

“Zoomers” have their own style of communication.  Danielle April, Gen Z’s slang and emojis are confusing older colleagues at work – The Washington Post (Dec. 12-13, 2022). Generation Z, those born between 1997 and 2012, have a “form of messaging” that creates “a quirky challenge for multigenerational workplaces….” Id.  For example, Ms. […]
November 14, 2022

Discovery From Cell Phones – Differing Civil and Criminal Protocols in Maryland

The Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution makes a big difference.  This is illustrated by two recent Maryland appellate decisions – – one civil, the other criminal – – regarding discovery from cell phones.  Cf. Richardson v. State, 481 Md. 423 (2022)(criminal), with St. Francis Academy, et al. v. Gilman School, Inc., […]
November 12, 2022

Is There a Duty to “’Fess Up?” – Part II

If a litigant has actual knowledge that an opponent’s proposed search terms will not “hit” on responsive, proportional ESI, does the litigant have a duty to tell the opponent?[1] In Advanced Magnesium Alloys Corp. v. Dery, 2022 WL 3139391 (S.D. Ind. Aug. 5, 2022), the plaintiff, Advanced Magnesium, alleged that defendant Dery conspired […]
November 11, 2022

Be Careful What You Agree To, But the Duty to Cooperate May Provide an Escape Hatch (Part II)

In Advanced Magnesium Alloys Corp. v. Dery, 2022 WL 3139391 (S.D. Ind. Aug. 5, 2022), defendant, Alliance, agreed to search 159 terms.  However, when it produced the text messages “hitting” those terms, plaintiff found the texts to be cryptic and asked for more texts to provide context.  Alliance said – in my […]
August 14, 2022

Hit Reports

“Hit reports” have various names.[1]  One issue that has often arisen is whether a producing party must produce every document on a hit report requested by an opponent, even if irrelevant or nonresponsive to discovery requests.  Craig Ball has blogged on this issue since 2013.  However, his recent blog explains that “the […]
May 29, 2022

Historical ESI Highlights – Part VI – Victor Stanley and Keyword Searching

The prior blog discussed the historical acceptance of technology assisted review.  However, keyword searching remains an important and useful tool.  Mark Twain wrote: “The reports of my death are greatly exaggerated….”  The same may be true of keyword searching. While there are many decisions and articles on keyword searching, one of the […]
May 28, 2022

Historical ESI Highlights – Part V – Technology Assisted Review

The Hon. Andrew Peck wrote that “[t]he first ‘technological’ innovation in document review came in 1980- when 3M® began selling Post-It Notes.”[1]  Two of Judge Peck’s later decisions led to the recognition of technology assisted review as a valid search methodology. In A Brief History of Technology Assisted Review (lawtechnologytoday.org)(Nov. 17, 2015), […]
May 27, 2022

Historical ESI Highlights – Part IV – Hopson & Fed.R.Evid. 502

Protection of privilege and work product material is costly and complex when it is buried in voluminous ESI. An opinion of the Hon. Paul W. Grimm, Hopson v. Mayor of Baltimore, 232 F.R.D. 228 (D. Md. 2005), prompted Congress to change the law and enact Fed.R.Evid. 502. Fed.R.Civ.P. 26(b)(5) created the “clawback” […]
May 16, 2022

Information Governance – Mis(?)-Labeling Documents as Privileged (Part IV)

Google’s “communicate with care” program has garnered a lot of attention.[1] It allegedly instructed employees to label any written communications on a certain topic as privileged and send them to in-house counsel.  The Department of Justice sought sanctions and an order compelling disclosure, asserting that the policy was pretextual. Google replied that […]
March 24, 2022

Maryland Appellate Decision Permitting Limited Forensic Search of Non-Parties’ Cell Phones

In St. Francis Academy, et al. v. Gilman School, Inc., No. 1390 (Md. Ct. Spl. Apls. Mar. 21, 2022) (unreported), the intermediate appellate court affirmed an order directing forensic imaging and searching of non-parties’ cell phones under a strict protocol to protect the cell phone owners’ privacy.  It carefully balanced the discovering […]
December 9, 2021

“Old” Sedona Paper Implements the “Specificity” Provision of Discovery Responses

In New Sedona Primer Implements the “Bull’s Eye View” of Discovery Requests, I discussed the recent “public comment” version of Sedona’s Primer on discovery requests.  Here, I discuss Sedona’s 2018 “Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 34(b)(2) Primer: Practice Pointers for Responding to Discovery Requests,” 19 Sedona Conf.J. 447 (2018), in conjunction with […]
August 17, 2021

What is a “Document?”

Back in the days of paper-based litigation, it was rare to argue over the definition of a “document.”[1]  Usually, it was clear where a letter, memo, or contract began and ended.  But, ESI is much different than paper and recent cases bring that issue to the forefront. In Sandoz v. Un. Therapeutics […]
May 14, 2021

The Duty of Inquiry and Sanctions for Failure to Investigate Client’s Claim

In two recent decisions, the District of Maryland has imposed sanctions for failure to properly investigate a client’s documents.  Taken together, Bioiberica Nebraska and Membreno show that the Court expects a reasonable inquiry into information that is within a party’s possession, custody, or practical control.  Filings or representations that contradict such information […]
March 26, 2021

Negotiating Searches Using “Hit” Reports

Josh Gilliland’s Bow Tie Law blog published a description of search term negotiations using “hit reports” in a recent decision from the Southern District of New York.  J. Gilliland, “Precision Search Terms in Discovery” (Mar. 23, 2021). Josh describes the back-and-forth exchange of information necessary in a cooperative approach to search. For […]
February 14, 2021

Marc Hirschfeld’s Legal Week Presentation

Marc Hirschfeld’s presentation at Legal Week, “Navigating the Pitfalls of E-Discovery for Boutique Litigators,” is well worth watching on Vimeo and Legal Week. Marc is the owner and president of Precision Legal Services.  Marc and I have collaborated on many projects. Marc discusses a number of topics in the one-hour video.  Among […]
February 12, 2021

“[I]t is no longer amateur hour.”

In a February 11, 2021, post,   Court Enforces Strict Sanctions For Failing To Be Competent In ESI Obligations | Farrell Fritz, P.C. – JDSupra , the author describes the sanctions decision in In DR Distributors, LLC v. 21 Century Smoking, Inc., a trademark dispute over electronic cigarettes, stating: As noted by Judge Johnson, “[i]t […]
February 7, 2021

District of Maryland’s Recent Application of Spoliation Doctrine in Discrimination Case

In Membreno v. Atlanta Restaurant Partners, LLC, 2021 WL 351174 (D. Md. Feb. 2, 2021), the Court applied the spoliation doctrine in an employment discrimination case. The plaintiff alleged injury due to a hostile work environment and discrimination based on gender identity and sex.  The Court wrote: “Discovery was contentious….”  The plaintiff […]
February 4, 2021

Requests for “Any and All” Documents Are Obsolete

In the ancient year of 2009, Gil Greenman and James Weingarten, of Williams & Connolly LLP, wrote “Beware the Use of Absolute Language Regarding Electronically Stored Information,” 9 Digital Discovery and e-Evidence 11 (BNA Nov. 1, 2009). Their thesis was simple and correct: “All,” “any,” and “every” are dangerous words when describing […]
January 16, 2021

Courts Cannot Order a “Quick Peek” Without Consent

In U.S. Equal Employment Opp. Comm’n. v. The George Washington University, 2020 WL 3489478 (D.D.C. June 26, 2020), the court held that a party cannot be ordered to provide a “quick peek” without its consent.  In doing so, it carefully analyzed and rejected contrary precedent. In Fairholme Funds, Inc. v. U.S., 134 […]
December 27, 2020

Searching for Privileged Information

As if searching for privileged information prior to production was not already difficult enough, Jessica A. Huse, Esq., has blogged about a potential complication.  See J. Huse, “Pushing the Limit: The District of Oregon Concludes that the Attorney-Client Privilege May Apply to Communications Not Involving Attorneys” (Gibbons Law Alert Dec. 22, 2020). […]
December 25, 2020

No Sanctions Despite Truncated Search

In In Re: Smith & Nephew Birmingham Hip Resurfacing (Bhr) Hip Implant Products Liability Litigation, MDL No. 2775, Master Docket No. 1:17-md-2775 (D. Md. Dec. 23, 2020), the Court denied a sanctions motion, attributing a failure to produce  an inconsistent email to search parameters that were too narrow.  The Court held that […]
July 30, 2011

American Bar Assoc., Publishes Berman, et al., Managing E-Discovery and ESI

The American Bar Association has  published M. Berman, C. Barton, and P. Grimm, eds., Managing E-Discovery and ESI: From Pre-Litigation Through Trial.  The 761-page work features chapters by The Hon. Paul W. Grimm (D.Md.), The Hon. John M. Facciola (D.D.C.),  The Hon. James C. Francis IV (S.D.N.Y.), and The Hon. Joseph F. […]